Projectile.



I APPLICATION Patentd Apr. 29,1919.

it may concern:

' a" subject of the King of Great Britain and "Ireland,.residing at 98Leigham Court road, I Streatham', London, S. W; '16, England, haveinvented, a new and useful Projectile, of

whichthe following "is a specificationha ior' its object the, provisionof an im- L 'provedprojectile which finds a special applicationjfor-use.under. water although it is j not limited ingtliis respect, and theinvention ';comprises thefapplicationvof a new method of shooting intoandthrough the water with j accuracyv of aimQ g a j t I Hitherto theresistance ofieredby water 'f to the. passage ofa body therethrough hasFbeenan efi'ective bar to the use of projectiles vi to those used abovewaterand on land. Re-

as 'torpedoeswhich are selfdriven and qdo'not .depend to any greatextent upon the tofmanufacture and according .ft e "p n iinve tio an p vd yp f proje'ctile 'which principally owing to its a'ndjwhich isdependent for its velocity en- "fitirely u on the forcejof an explosionwhlch "ordinary breechloading field gun. A further feature oftheimproved. proj ectile conthe air andfthatwhen itstrikes the water itwill continue its. motion without alteration "or: direction or trajectory- Further if de- "'si'red'- the projectile. canbe used for landwarfare, in which case. a considerable gain infmu'zzl'e velocity andlength of flight is K, obtained; k

7 Tofenable the projectile to pierce the water bladesgor. vanes disposedin the direction of 'itsilength, and; being adapted to be fired "from'a'rifled gun, therotary movement impartedto the projectile will causethe blades to produceefiect'similar to that of a through a muchgreaterdistance than would En s'rn rns "AT T HUBBARD, OF LONDON, ENGLAND?Specification of Letters Patent.

Beit known that. I, ALEXANDER HUBBARD, 1

-'.7which-can be "discharged from guns similar l course? hasthereforebeen had to projectiles force 4 of the explosion t whichdischarges ithem Su'chprojectiles are however costly peculiar"shape orform overcomes'the resistfame of the water which was hitherto thought to,be insurmountable, is provided firesit. fromja gun similar in design toan sists'in;the-.fact that itcan be fired through with] facility it'isprovided with helical "screwj'fpropeller and impel the projectile je pjssiblewith'projectiles of any type usurnoJEcrILE.

Patented Apr. 29, 1919.

Y Application filed June 27,1917. sari-nan).177,332..- I

i The invention will now be described in connection with theaccompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is an elevation of the improvedprojectile.

Fig. 2 is across section through a gun I I barrel with a projectiletherein. invention? relates to projectiles, and

. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are sectional and end Fig. 5 is a section throughthe-forward end of the projectile showing the firing means. 4 v v Theimproved projectile consists of a central core or cylinderia which maytaper slightly toward its forward endprovided with helical bladesbpreferably four in number as shown. The edges of theseblades may-bebent into substantially right angle form as indicated at 0 with theobject of "attaining the best possible propelling efiect.

The central portion or core a of the projectile is made hollow tocontain an explosive charge adapted to be detonated when the projectilestrikes against the side of a ship or other solid body. For the purposeof efie'cting such detonation the projectile is provided with asuitableform of firing pin or needle d, one form of-which is illustrated in Fig.5, wherein the pinlis prevented from being operated by the pressure ofthe air or water through which it is passing by'means of a spring j, theresistance of which is'overcome however when the projectile strikes a.

' solid body, and the pin 03 is caused to det onate the cap is andexplode-the charge.

It will be understood that. a propellent I must be. used which willexplode with much greater violence than those used in ordinary guns inorder to discharge the projectile with a force sufficient to carry itthrough distances of such length as will render its use practicable. Itwill therefore be necessary to make the barrel e of the gun considerablythickerthan those in ordinary use,

and having a rifled sleeve or lining finserted therein the number ofgrooves g in which correspond with the number of blades 6.

As will be seen from Fig. 2 the edgesc of the projectile rest in thgrooves 9 and to prevent the force of the explosion escaping betweentheblades during firing use is made of the obturator shown in Figs. 3 and4. and

which comprises a disk 'h adapted to fit tightly within the lining f.disk car'- ries on its periphery a number of lugs or splines 2' adaptedto fit closely within the grooves g, and thereby prevent the waste ofany products of the. explosion...

- The lugs or splines are disposed on side only of the obturatorwhichonthat side is concave in form as shown in Fig. 8. This concaveside of the obturator is disposed tothelobturator will, be dischargedtherefrom in close proximity to one another; and hav 7 ing arotary aswell as a forward'motion due to the action of the'rifled grooves in thebarrel. The passage of waterbetween the blades of the propeller however,quickly detaches like action of its blades.

, The improvedprojectile may be fired from a gun beneath the water, ormay be caused QI on'land, but in the former case means are to dive intothe water from a .gun on aship iprovided to prevent an inrush of water.into fitted with anyconvenientand (or) known v form of time fuse anddetonating device and projectile is used for land warfare. It has beenfound that where thewhole of the flight is through the air a very muchlonger range, is obtained, combined with av flatter-'tra-. 'jectory thanis usual 'with projectiles of. :known construction.

the barrel of the gun after tiring.v v If desired he improved projectilemay. be

this will particularly be necessary where the I claim I 1. A.projectilecomp ing tube, four helical bladeslarranged' on the outsideof said tube extending from end to end thereofand' terminating in .aflat head.

2. Aprojectile comprising a hollow tapering tube, helical bladesarranged on-the outs1de of said tube extending from end to end thereof,said blades being attached to the tube at points situated, at ninetydegrees gfroin one'another.

3. A projectile comprising a hollow taperng tube, helical bladesarranged on-theojutside of said tube extending from end to-end thereof,said blades being attached to the; tube at points situated at ninetydegrees.

from one another, and terminating in a flat head. I g

4. A projectile comprising a hollow'ta-pering tube, four helical bladesarranged on the outside of said tube extending from end to end thereof,said blades being attached to the tube at points situated at ninetydegrees from one another. 5. A projectile comprising a hollow. taperingtube, four helicalblades arranged .on

. the outside of saidtube extending from end to end thereof, said bladesbeing attached is; flat, head.

risin a hollow taper 13. In aprojectile fourhelical ranged. ontheexterioriof a hollow body, a fl h a te m na ng. .-.said body ex n infrom n to eeidhosly aad blade to the tube at points situated at ;ninetydegrees from one another, and terminating in a fiat head.

- e. A. projectilecomprising helical blades arranged on the outside andextendmg from.

end to end of a hollow tube the edges of said blades being turned overat right angles.

. 7.- In 'a projectile the combinationzof a iwithin said body, and aspring retrrdingdee "vice normally {restraining said -det'onating.

" 8. In a projectile the {combination of four I the obturatorowing tothe resistance ofi'ered by its flatcircular surface while the projectilepursues its way assisted by the propeller helical blades arrangedonfthe' outsideof a hollow tube,- said f helical" blades: extendingtoysaid projectile, and edges four helical blades arranged on theoutside,

and extending from end to end "of said tube,

said blades being attachedf to saidztube at i at right angles, and said'p rojectile having hollow tapering body {four l heli'call bladesdisposed on the exterior and extendingirom end to. end :thereof,attached ,at points. situated at ninety :degrees from one another,;

edges extending at, right. angles to, said ,of said charge] 1.. 11; In.a projectilethe combination ofa hollow. tapering vbody four "helicalblades disposed on the. exterior and extending from .end [to end.thereof, attached at points situated at .ninety: degrees ,from oneanother,

' 10.-' In alproject'ile' the combination of. a

edges extending eat right. angles "said' blades, a flat headto' saidprojectile,- an ejx-d Iplosive .charge ,disposed- Withinfsaid body, adetonating, pin disposed in. said headyand a spring retardingdevicenormallyrestraining said'detonatingpiny.

12.;.In .a projectile, helical blades arranged on the exterior of ahollow body, extending from .end .to end .ofsaidbody, a flat headterminating said body and blades, edges extending :at right angles fromsaidblades,

explosive charge disposed withinbsaid body, and means forpreventingpremature operationof said detonating ;mean s.j-. 1

. blades ardetonating means disposed insaid h ad a edges extending atright angles from said tending from end to end of said tube, and ablades, a. detonating pin disposed in said flat head terminating saidtube and blades. head, an explosive charge disposed within In testimonywhereof I have signed this said body, and a spring retarding devicespecification in the presence of two sub- 7 5 normally operative againstpremature opscribing Witnesses. i1 'eration 0f said detonating 14c. A'projectile comprising a tapering tube containing an explosive charge andWitnesses: means for detonating said charge, four heli- EDMUND OAVANAGH,x10 calblades arranged on the exterior and ex- ALBERT R. J. RAMSEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe "commissioner of Iatentl. Washington, D. 0."

